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Welcome to Electronics And Telecommunications Blog!
I hope this blog will be useful for everyone who love Electronics And Telecommunications.

This blog will tell you everything about CPU, microcontroller, Printed circuit board, robot,...

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Using the SG3525 PWM Controller - Explanation and Example: Circuit Diagram / Schematic of Push-Pull Converter

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PWM is used in all sorts of power control and converter circuits. Some common examples include motor control, DC-DC converters, DC-AC inverters and lamp dimmers. There are numerous PWM controllers available that make the use and application of PWM quite easy. One of the most popular of such controllers is the versatile and ubiquitous SG3525 produced by multiple manufacturers – ST Microelectronics, Fairchild Semiconductors, On Semiconductors, to name a few. SG3525 is used extensively in DC-DC converters, DC-AC inverters, home UPS systems, solar inverters, power supplies, battery chargers and numerous other applications. With proper understanding, you can soon start using SG3525 yourself in such applications or any other application really that demands PWM control. Before going on to the description and application, let’s first take a look at the block diagram and the pin layout. Pins 1 (Inverting Input) and 2 (Non Inverting Input) are the inputs to the on-board error amplifier. If you a...
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Sine Wave Generation with "Fast PWM Mode" of AVR - using ATmega16

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I had previously shown how to generate sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) signals using the ECCP module in a PIC for generating a sine wave output for use in DC-AC inverter. I have had requests from people asking how to generate the same SPWM signals with other microcontrollers that don't have the ECCP module, such as the super popular PIC16F877A. And so I had written another article where I showed how to generate sine wave using SPWM with the CCP module of a PIC. This concept, as I had mentioned in that tutorial, can be extended to use for any microcontroller that has a PWM module. And so, I’ve decided to demonstrate how to generate sine wave using SPWM with an Atmel AVR microcontroller. The microcontroller I’ve chosen is the ATMEGA16. However, the concept can be used on any AVR that has a PWM module. The output sine wave is to have a frequency of 50Hz. I have chosen to use a switching frequency of 16kHz for SPWM. So, here I talk about how to generate sine wave using sinusoi...
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AC Power Control: Adjustable Phase Angle Control with triac using ATmega8

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Principle of Phase Angle Control Top - Output Voltage Bottom - Gate Drive Signal Image source: Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Regulated_rectifier.gif) The photo above clearly illustrates phase angle control: output voltage controlled by the gate drive signal applied to a thyristor. What is phase angle control? That is what I'm going to talk about in this article. Phase angle control is a method of PWM applied to AC input voltages, usually the mains supply. Of course, the AC supply could be from a transformer or any other AC source, but the mains supply is the most common input – this gives the phase angle control method its greatest usefulness. It has of course become quite obvious from the title (and I’m sure most of you reading will already know this) that the purpose of phase angle control is to control or limit power to the load. The power device used in phase angle controllers is a thyristor – mostly triacs or SCRs. (There are methods of phase controlling emp...
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