Serial communication in 8051 microcontroller

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Advantages of Serial communication over Parallel communication :
Parallel transmission and Serial data transmission are mostly used data transfer techniques. Parallel transfer have been the preferred way for transfer data, but with serial data transmission we can achieve some other advantages which are given below :
  1. In parallel transmission of data  n bits are transferred simultaneously, thats why we have to process each bit separately and convert them into serial order at the receiver. Hence overhead gets increased in parallel transmission. 
  2. Number available communication media are serial in nature like satellite communication, Telephoning, some microwave application etc. hence serial communication have advantage of that.
  3. Number of inherent devices like tape work on principle of serial data transmission.
  4. Signal skewing is the another problem with parallel data transmission. In the parallel communication, n bits leave at a time, but may not be received at the receiver at the same time, some may reach late than others. To overcome this problem, receiving end has to synchronize with the transmitter and must wait until all the bits are received. The greater the skew the greater the delay, if delay is increased that effects the speed.
  5. To have small connector to applications like PDA, digital camera, cell phone its necessary device should be serial in nature rather than parallel because parallel transmission increases size of connector.
  6. Another problem associated with parallel transmission is crosstalk. When n wires lie parallel to each, the signal in some particular wire may get attenuated or disturbed due the induction, cross coupling etc. As a result error grows significantly, hence extra processing is necessary at the receiver.
  7. Serial communication is full duplex where as parallel communication is half duplex. Which means that, in serial communication we can transmit and receive signal simultaneously, where as in parallel communication we can either transmit or receive the signal. Hence serial data transfer is superior to parallel data transfer.
  8. Practically in computers we can achieve 150MBPS data transfer using serial transmission where as with parallel we can go up to 133MBPS only.
  9. Parallel communication increases the hardware complexity when we want to design embeded application which consist of number of  integrated circuits hence it does not support distributed computing which is very much needed in recent  embedded applications.

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